The World of Figurines in the Neolithic and Chalcolithic Aegean: The case of Ugurlu Hoyuk on Gokceada (Imbros)

by: Can Gemici, H. Atakuman, C.

Description
This book studies the corpus of figurines recovered from the Neolithic - Chalcolithic settlement of Uğurlu Höyük on the island of Gökçeada (Imbros) in the northeastern Aegean. Bringing together different strands of investigation about how they were produced, what they were meant to depict, and where they were used, the authors question in whose image these statuettes were created and why. Drawing parallels between contemporary figurine assemblages from the Eastern Mediterranean, the results challenge some of the common assumptions regarding the role these objects played in prehistoric belief systems, and instead explore the alternative ways in which the local, regional, mundane, and the sacred were weaved together in an island community more than 7,000 years ago.

AUTHORS
Hasan Can Gemici has degrees in settlement archaeology and geological engineering from the Middle East Technical University in Ankara, Turkey. His research interests include ancient art, resource procurement, genetics, and interaction in the prehistoric Mediterranean. He is currently working as a researcher in the ERC-funded project ?NEOGENE? at METU.

Çiğdem Atakuman holds a PhD in archaeology from UCLA. Her research interests and resulting publications primarily include topics such as the Neolithisation process in Southwest Asia, prehistoric art as well as the politics of heritage in Turkey and the Middle East. She has been involved in field projects at Domuztepe-Kahramanmaraş, Uğurlu Höyük-Gökçeada, and Bozburun-Marmaris. Currently working as an associate professor of archaeology at the Middle East Technical University, she is also one of the principal investigators of the ERC/EU-funded projects ?NEOGENE? and ?NEOMATRIX?, both investigating the Neolithic transition through ancient DNA analyses.

REVIEWS
?This work makes a great contribution to the field, especially in the emphasis to treat these objects as archaeological artefacts, with careful attention to archaeological and material culture context. The comparative analysis is also very useful for those interested in this time period, area and material culture.? Dr Ellen Belcher, John Jay College of Criminal Justice, CUNY

?The fruits of this research would be primarily beneficial to researchers working in Near Eastern/Mediterranean prehistory. However, the methodology might be useful to researchers working in other parts of the world. As well, the catalogue has potential use if there are similarities across geographic locations.? Dr Lindsey Der, University of British Columbia

Contents
List of Figures.................................................................................................................................................................... xi
List of Tables....................................................................................................................................................................xiii
Abstract............................................................................................................................................................................ xiv
1. Approaching Figurines in Time and Space.................................................................................................................. 1
1.1 Archaeological Debates About Figurines.................................................................................................................. 3
1.2 Methodology and Organisation of this Study ........................................................................................................... 6
2. The Prehistoric Site of Uğurlu Höyük in Regional Context....................................................................................... 9
2.1 The Island of Gökçeada (Imbros) ............................................................................................................................. 9
2.2 Uğurlu Höyük.......................................................................................................................................................... 10
2.2.1 Occupation Phases of Uğurlu Höyük .............................................................................................................. 11
3. Articulating the Figurine Assemblage of Uğurlu Höyük.......................................................................................... 17
3.1 Analyses of the Figurines........................................................................................................................................ 26
3.1.1 Raw Materials.................................................................................................................................................. 26
3.1.2 Manufacture..................................................................................................................................................... 26
3.1.3 Decoration ....................................................................................................................................................... 32
3.1.4 Fragmentation.................................................................................................................................................. 37
3.1.5 Discard and Context........................................................................................................................................ 39
3.1.6 Typology.......................................................................................................................................................... 50
3.2 Figurine Related Finds............................................................................................................................................ 60
3.2.1 Possible Inserted Heads................................................................................................................................... 61
3.2.2 Ceramic Sherds with Anthropomorphic Features ........................................................................................... 63
3.2.3 Anthropomorphic / Zoomorphic Pottery Handles........................................................................................... 65
3.2.4 Pottery Feet ..................................................................................................................................................... 65
3.2.5 Anthropomorphic Stone Vessels...................................................................................................................... 65
3.2.6 Foot-Shaped Worked Stones ........................................................................................................................... 66
3.2.7 Eared-Pots and Polypod Vessels...................................................................................................................... 66
4. Synthesis, Comparisons, and Discussion ................................................................................................................... 71
4.1 The World of Uğurlu Höyük Figurines................................................................................................................... 71
4.2 Figured Interactions Around the Aegean................................................................................................................. 74
4.2.1 Phase VI .......................................................................................................................................................... 75
4.2.2 Phase V............................................................................................................................................................ 75
4.2.3 Phase IV .......................................................................................................................................................... 80
4.2.4 Phase III........................................................................................................................................................... 84
4.2.5 Phase II-III Transition and Phase II................................................................................................................. 88
4.3 Figurines in Context: Comparisons with Selected Sites......................................................................................... 90
4.3.1 Hacılar............................................................................................................................................................. 90
4.3.2 Franchthi.......................................................................................................................................................... 92
4.3.3 Hamangia......................................................................................................................................................... 93
4.4 Social Functions of the Figurines in Uğurlu Höyük and Beyond ........................................................................... 95
4.4.1 Typology.......................................................................................................................................................... 95
4.4.2 Fragmentation and Distribution....................................................................................................................... 95
4.4.3 Heads, Sockets, and Insertions........................................................................................................................ 97
4.4.4 Raw Materials and Materiality........................................................................................................................ 97
4.4.5 Themes ............................................................................................................................................................ 98
4.4.6 Local and Regional Context.......................................................................................................................... 100
4.4.7 Figurines and Burials .................................................................................................................................... 102
4.4.8 Figurines and Pottery .................................................................................................................................... 103
4.4.9 Figurines, Ritual, and Society at Uğurlu Höyük ........................................................................................... 105
viii
The World of Figurines in the Neolithic and Chalcolithic Aegean
5. Conclusion .................................................................................................................................................................. 109
Bibliography ....................................................................................................................................................................113
Appendix A. Catalogue of Figurines from Uğurlu Höyük ......................................................................................... 125
A1: Photographs.......................................................................................................................................................... 126
A2: Drawings.............................................................................................................................................................. 138
A3: Supplementary Information ................................................................................................................................. 150
Appendix B. Catalogue of Figurine Related Finds from Uğurlu Höyük.................................................................. 159
B1: Possible Inserted Heads........................................................................................................................................ 160
B2: Ceramic Sherds with Anthropomorphic Features ................................................................................................ 164
B3: Anthropomorphic / Zoomorphic Pottery Handles................................................................................................ 166
B4: Pottery Feet........................................................................................................................................................... 170
B5: Anthropomorphic Stone Vessels........................................................................................................................... 171
B6: Foot-Shaped Worked Stones ................................................................................................................................ 172
Appendix C. Sources Used in the Comparative Maps................................................................................................ 173

The World of Figurines in the Neolithic and Chalcolithic Aegean: The case of Ugurlu Hoyuk on Gokceada (Imbros)

by: Can Gemici, H. Atakuman, C.

• ISBN-13: 9781407357751 / 978-1-4073-5775-1
• ISBN-03: 1407357751 / 1-4073-5775-1
• Bar Publishing, Oxford, 2021